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Music theory · Let It Be, track 2

Dig a Pony

The Beatles · from Let It Be (rooftop concert, Jan 1969) · written by John Lennon

A study in the ♭VII–IV–I rock cadence and mixolydian color.
Lennon's rooftop rocker hangs its hook on the mixolydian move G–D–A (♭VII–IV–I) around a droning A tonic, then rides a bluesy G7 borrowed from the same flat side.

Key A major (mixolydian) Hook G–D–A (♭7–4–1) Verse A drone with A/D pedal Color borrowed ♭7(7) G7

Dig a Pony, the theory in plain words

This is one of the songs the Beatles played on their famous rooftop concert, in a home key of A major.

The catchy part is a walk-up G to D to A, three chords stepping up into home.

Two of those chords are borrowed from a slightly darker version of the key, called mixolydian.

The verse holds the home chord A while another chord slides underneath, like the ground shifting under a held bell.

These flat-side borrowed chords are the rock-and-roll sound of the whole song.

To see the exact chords and key, open Pollack or Isophonics.

How to read this page. The chords below are from a public transcription, in A major.
The song leans mixolydian, borrowing the ♭7 (G) and its dominant-seventh flavor throughout.

The theory

Key & tonal center

A major, played mixolydian

The song is planted on A, but it consistently uses the mixolydian ♭7 (G) rather than the diatonic leading-tone G#.
That single sharpening-avoided is what gives Dig a Pony its raw rock quality instead of a bright pop shine.

The signature move

♭VII–IV–I: the G–D–A hook

The intro, chorus, and outro all lock onto G, D, A, a step-up cadence that walks from ♭7 through 4 to home.
This ♭VII–IV–I move is one of the most recognizable rock cadences (think “Sympathy for the Devil,” late Beatles, countless classic-rock choruses) and it is the whole song's hook.

Verse harmony

A drone with a shifting bass

The verse holds the A chord and alternates it with A/D, an A triad over a D bass, so the harmony above stays put while the bass rocks between the tonic and the fourth degree.
That drone-with-shifting-bass texture is the folk-modal cousin of a bagpipe drone, and it prepares the ear for the bright ♭VII–IV–I release when the chorus arrives.

Extra color

The bluesy G7 and the dominant E

Inside the verse, after F#m and Bm land, the harmony steps out to G7, borrowing not just the ♭7 chord but its dominant-seventh coloring for a full blues wink.
The verse then resolves through E, the diatonic dominant, back home, so both worlds (mixolydian ♭7 and major-key 5) coexist inside a single song.

Form

Rooftop rocker in verse and chorus

The form alternates the drone verse with the ♭VII–IV–I chorus, has one solo built on the same verse frame, and closes on the hook.
It is a compact rocker whose interest sits entirely in the modal borrowing, not in any structural surprise.

Key analysis

Key: A major, played mixolydian (the ♭7 chord G is the defining borrowing).
Scales in play: A major (A B C# D E F# G#) with mixolydian ♭7 (G natural). The verse's G7 uses a further chromatic flavor.
DegreeChordNashvilleRoman
1A1I
3F#m6m → 3mvi
4D4IV
5E5V
6Bm2mii
b7G (G7)b7 (b7(7))♭VII (borrowed)

Nashville numbers

Chords sourced from a public transcription, in A major.

Intro / chorus / outro (the hook)

b7G
4D
1A

Verse (drone with A/D pedal)

1A
1/4A/D
3mF#m
2mBm
b7(7)G7
5E

Reading the numbers: each is a scale degree in A. Plain = major, m = minor, (7) = a dominant-seventh coloring, slash chords show a bass tone under the chord, b-degrees are borrowed from A mixolydian / minor. Here b7 (G, G7) is the mixolydian borrowing that defines the sound.

Chord fingerings

Most chords (A, D, E, F#m, Bm, G) are plain open or barre triads. The dominant-seventh flavored chord in the verse is shown below (low E to high e; x = mute).

Confirm the specifics here

Pollack, “Notes On Dig a Pony”

Prose analysis of the A-mixolydian rocker, the drone verse, and the ♭VII–IV–I hook.

Open Pollack mirror →

Isophonics, annotations

Downloadable chord and key files: the exact chords and where the mixolydian ♭7 lands.

Open Isophonics →

HookTheory / TheoryTab

Roman-numeral function and melody for the hook, if a community tab exists.

Open the Beatles index →

BeatlesFC

Tonic, predominant, and dominant labels for the chords at phrase level.

Open the paper →
Song 20 of the 1969-forward queue, second of Let It Be. Theory only, no production notes.
Chords are from a public transcription; exact bar-by-bar detail lives in the linked sources. See the full queue.